Human services nonprofits: pay, overhead and reserves by state
30,154 human services organizations with revenue USD 100k-5M, latest Form 990 or 990-EZ e-filed in 2025-2026. Median program share 85.7%, management and general 10.9%, fundraising 0.0%, reserves 9.0 months; 51.0% report paying at least one officer or key employee.
Source: IRS Form 990 / 990-EZ e-file releases (public domain) joined with the Exempt Organizations Business Master File for NTEE codes; one latest return per EIN; universe = revenue USD 100k-5M, latest Form 990 or 990-EZ e-filed in 2025-2026, expenses above zero, 50 states + DC. Medians over filers reporting the field; management and fundraising shares count Form 990 filers only (990-EZ has no split). Data as of 2026-10-31.
Medians here (bar) vs all 226,109 filers nationally (mark):
| Revenue band | Filers | Pay anyone | 25th pct | Median | 75th pct |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD 100k-250k | 9,574 | 31% | $20,842 | $37,516 | $57,308 |
| USD 250k-500k | 6,266 | 46% | $36,528 | $57,792 | $77,865 |
| USD 500k-1M | 5,542 | 57% | $55,385 | $75,000 | $96,962 |
| USD 1M-5M | 8,772 | 72% | $81,569 | $105,846 | $139,000 |
Top officer = the highest reportable compensation from the organization among the officers, directors, key and highest-compensated employees listed on Form 990 Part VII or 990-EZ Part IV (title and amount only, never a name). Percentiles cover filers that pay anyone; a dash means fewer than 10 of them. Benefits and deferred pay excluded.
By state
States with 20 or more filers link to a page with the full band table and bars.
| State | Filers | Program median | Reserves (mo) | Top pay median, 500k-1M |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 432 | 87.3% | 10.3 | $65,000 |
| Alaska | 109 | 87.7% | 12.9 | $63,594 |
| Arizona | 473 | 84.6% | 8.7 | $73,365 |
| Arkansas | 278 | 88.8% | 9.3 | $60,586 |
| California | 3,101 | 87.1% | 7.3 | $88,372 |
| Colorado | 702 | 83.8% | 8.4 | $83,574 |
| Connecticut | 313 | 85.6% | 9.0 | $84,942 |
| Delaware | 116 | 86.3% | 11.8 | $79,962 |
| District of Columbia | 266 | 82.4% | 6.2 | $106,192 |
| Florida | 1,643 | 86.9% | 6.2 | $70,456 |
| Georgia | 1,025 | 85.7% | 7.3 | $76,260 |
| Hawaii | 128 | 85.1% | 9.8 | $67,618 |
| Idaho | 174 | 86.7% | 11.4 | $77,228 |
| Illinois | 1,080 | 85.2% | 9.0 | $75,000 |
| Indiana | 686 | 86.2% | 10.9 | $68,827 |
| Iowa | 409 | 88.3% | 11.3 | $68,984 |
| Kansas | 332 | 87.7% | 9.6 | $59,560 |
| Kentucky | 377 | 88.2% | 11.1 | $68,604 |
| Louisiana | 378 | 87.5% | 9.4 | $71,882 |
| Maine | 167 | 85.4% | 11.0 | $67,378 |
| Maryland | 561 | 85.2% | 7.3 | $83,231 |
| Massachusetts | 732 | 83.5% | 11.6 | $85,864 |
| Michigan | 991 | 84.6% | 9.4 | $70,644 |
| Minnesota | 692 | 86.4% | 9.6 | $76,373 |
| Mississippi | 195 | 86.9% | 8.6 | $59,634 |
| Missouri | 707 | 85.5% | 12.0 | $69,958 |
| Montana | 191 | 86.7% | 10.9 | $66,955 |
| Nebraska | 264 | 85.7% | 10.7 | $64,400 |
| Nevada | 188 | 85.4% | 8.9 | $60,000 |
| New Hampshire | 199 | 83.3% | 11.3 | $83,077 |
| New Jersey | 706 | 89.2% | 6.3 | $83,000 |
| New Mexico | 203 | 86.6% | 9.2 | $65,330 |
| New York | 1,737 | 84.1% | 7.5 | $82,900 |
| North Carolina | 947 | 85.2% | 9.2 | $69,500 |
| North Dakota | 123 | 88.0% | 9.2 | $78,635 |
| Ohio | 1,091 | 87.0% | 9.7 | $67,212 |
| Oklahoma | 377 | 84.3% | 10.8 | $76,981 |
| Oregon | 514 | 85.0% | 9.4 | $75,158 |
| Pennsylvania | 1,207 | 84.7% | 10.5 | $75,290 |
| Rhode Island | 101 | 79.6% | 10.2 | — |
| South Carolina | 450 | 85.3% | 11.3 | $71,149 |
| South Dakota | 136 | 86.0% | 12.4 | $70,278 |
| Tennessee | 677 | 84.0% | 10.4 | $70,000 |
| Texas | 2,129 | 85.6% | 9.4 | $75,000 |
| Utah | 212 | 90.3% | 8.5 | $76,860 |
| Vermont | 151 | 84.1% | 9.3 | $74,601 |
| Virginia | 781 | 85.7% | 8.9 | $71,263 |
| Washington | 742 | 85.9% | 8.0 | $83,446 |
| West Virginia | 196 | 87.3% | 9.3 | $47,040 |
| Wisconsin | 647 | 84.8% | 10.7 | $67,108 |
| Wyoming | 118 | 85.7% | 9.4 | $58,856 |
Paid report
USD 49 one-time: a human services organization vs the 10 closest named peers on top officer pay, expense split, reserves and revenue mix, with a filing link per peer; USD 79 adds the one-page comparability data sheet for the board file. Checkout opens shortly; the free lookup and pages work meanwhile.
NTEE group P as assigned in the Business Master File (code list). Codes can lag an organization's real activity; the paid report uses the 3-character code and lets you swap a peer once for free.